Semiclassical expansions up to -order in relativistic nuclear physics

We present the first calculation of the Wigner - Kirkwood corrections to a relativistic system of fermions in the presence of external scalar and vector potentials. The method we propose allows the efficient computation of semiclassical corrections to one-body operators such as mean energies and local densities. It also preserves gauge invariance and produces explicitly convergent results despite some apparent divergences at the classical turning points. As a byproduct we obtain the corrections stemming from the polarization of the Dirac sea. We apply our results to the relativistic - Lagrangian in the Hartree valence approximation. We compare the semiclassical expansion with the exact result and with the Strutinsky average whenever it can be obtained. We find that the corrections are much smaller than typical shell effects. Our results provide convincing arguments for neglecting higher than second order effects in the Wigner - Kirkwood scheme on relativistic nuclear physics in the mean field approximation.