Hamiltonian structures of the multi-boson KP hierarchies, abelianization and lattice formulation

Abstract We present a new form of the multi-boson reduction of KP hierarchy with Lax operator written in terms of boson fields abelianizing the second Hamiltonian structure. This extends the classical Miura transformation and the Kupershmidt-Wilson theorem from the (m) KdV to the KP case. A remarkable relationship is uncovered between the higher Hamiltonian structures and the corresponding Miura transformations of KP hierarchy, on one hand, and the discrete integrable models living on refinements of the original lattice connected with the underlying multi-matrix models, on the other hand. For the second KP Hamiltonian structure, worked out in details, this amounts to finding a series of representations of the nonlinear Ŵ ∞ algebra in terms of arbitrary finite number of canonical pairs of free fields.