p -brane production in the fat brane or universal extra dimension scenario

In models of large extra dimensions, the fundamental Planck scale can be as low as TeV. Thus, in hadronic collisions interesting objects such as black holes, string balls, or p-branes can be produced. In scenarios of a fat brane or universal extra dimensions, the standard model particles are allowed to propagate in the extra spatial dimensions, which leads to the enhancement of the production cross sections of black holes and p-branes. Especially, the ratio of the p-brane cross section to the black hole cross section increases substantially, in comparison with the original confined scenario. The ratio can be as large as $105$ (for the case $n=7,m=5=p=r=k).$