Meissner effect in honeycomb arrays of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

We report Meissner effect for type-II superconductors with a maximum T c of 19 K, which is the highest value among those in new-carbon related superconductors, found in the honeycomb arrays of multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs). Drastic reduction of ferromagnetic catalyst and efficient growth of MWNTs by deoxidization of catalyst make the finding possible. The weak magnetic anisotropy, superconductive coherence length ( ∼ 7 nm), and disappearance of the Meissner effect after dissolving array structure indicate that the graphite structure of an MWNT and those intertube coupling in the honeycomb array are dominant factors for the mechanism. such as calcium with a transition c of 11.5 K and highly boron-doped diamond c K