Implications evinced by the phase diagram, anisotropy, magnetic penetration depths, isotope effects and conductivities of cuprate superconductors

Anisotropy, thermal and quantum fluctuations and their dependence on dopant concentration appear to be present in all cuprate superconductors, interwoven with the microscopic mechanisms responsible for superconductivity. Here we review anisotropy, in-plane and c-axis penetration depths, isotope effect and conductivity measurements to reassess the universal behaviour of cuprates as revealed by the doping dependence of these phenomena and of the transition temperature.