Quantum states and optics in a p -type heterojunction with a lateral surface quantum dot or antidot superlattice subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field

Studies of quantum states and optics in a p-type heterojunction with a lateral surface quantum dot (antidot) superlattice and in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field are performed. The Azbel'-Hofstadter problem is solved for holes in a complicated valence band described by the $4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4$ Luttinger Hamiltonian. The set of magnetic subbands is obtained for separate hole levels in a wide interval of magnetic fields. We found remarkable differences between hole spectra and the Hofstadter ``butterfly'' for electrons. The influence of the spin-orbit interaction on the wave functions and energy spectrum has been investigated. The probabilities of optical transitions between quantum states in the valence band and donors located in the monolayer inside the heterojunction are calculated. The set of parameters (superlattice periods, amplitude of periodic potential, magnitude of magnetic field, etc.) required for experimental observation of split hole Landau levels is determined.