Evolutionary calculations of carbon dredge‐up in helium envelope white dwarfs
/ Authors
/ Abstract
It has been proposed that the presence of carbon in the mainly helium atmospheres of the DQ white dwarfs is due to convective dredge-up of carbon diffusing outwards from a CO core. The first quantitative study of this process is that of Pelletier at al (1986, hereafter P86), who found that agreement with the observationally determined photospheric C/He ratios required that the mass of the helium-rich layer in the white dwarf progenitor be an order of magnitude less than determined from theoretical calculations of the pre-white dwarf evolution.
Journal: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society