The XMM-Newton RGS spectrum of the high luminosity Seyfert 1 galaxy Markarian 509

We present a detailed analysis of the soft X-ray spectrum of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Markarian 509 taken with the XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer. An underlying power-law continuum and three warm absorber phases provide a good fit to the data along with a number of broad and narrow emission lines. Our three warm absorber phases each have different ionization parameters and column densities. We identify a low ionization, log xi = 0.89, high outflow velocity phase producing an Fe M-shell UTA feature along with absorption from O VI and N VI. There is an intermediate phase, log xi = 2.14, showing absorption from H-like carbon and nitrogen and He-like neon and oxygen. The third, high ionization, log xi = 3.26, low outflow velocity phase contains absorption from O VIII, Ne X and highly ionized iron. All phases are blueshifted with respect to the systemic velocity with flow velocities ranging from -60 km s(-1) to -510 km s(-1). The observed broad emission features have an rms velocity of 8000 +/- 3000 km s(-1) for the C VI and OVII lines.