Transit Photometry of the Core-dominated Planet HD 149026b

We report g, V, and r photometric time series of HD 149026 spanning predicted times of transit of the Saturn-mass planetary companion, which was recently discovered by Sato and collaborators. We present a joint analysis of our observations and the previously reported photometry and radial velocities of the central star. We refine the estimate of the transit ephemeris to Tc = (2,453,527.87455) + (2.87598)N (HJD). Assuming that the star has a radius of 1.45 ± 0.10 R☉ and a mass of 1.30 ± 0.10 M☉, we estimate the planet radius to be (0.726 ± 0.064)RJup, which implies a mean density of 1.07 g cm-3. This density is significantly greater than predicted for models that include the effects of stellar insolation and in which the planet has only a small core of solid material. Thus, we confirm that this planet likely contains a large core and that the ratio of core mass to total planet mass is more akin to that of Uranus and Neptune than to either Jupiter or Saturn.