Keynote Lecture: Galactic and Extragalactic Bubbles

The observational and theoretical state of Galactic and extragalactic bubbles are reviewed. Observations of superbubbles are discussed, with some emphasis on nearby bubbles such as the Local Bubble (LB) and the Loop I superbubble (LI). Analytical bubble theory is revisited, and similarity solutions, including the time-dependent energy input by supernova explosions according to a Galactic initial mass function (IMF), are studied. Since the agreement with observations is not convincing in case of the LB, we present high resolution 3D AMR simulations of the LB and LI in an inhomogeneous background medium. It is demonstrated that both the morphology and recently published FUSE data on Ovi absorption line column densities can be well understood, if the LB is the result of about 20 supernova explosions from a moving group, and the LB age is about 14.7 Myrs.