Subaru Deep Survey. VI. A Census of Lyman Break Galaxies at z ≃ 4 and 5 in the Subaru Deep Fields: Clustering Properties

We investigate the clustering properties of 2600 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at z = 3.5-5.2 in two large blank fields, the Subaru Deep Field and the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field (600 arcmin2 each). The angular correlation functions of these LBGs show a clear clustering at both z ≃ 4 and 5. The correlation lengths are r0 = 4.1 and 5.9h Mpc (r0 = 5.1 and 5.9h Mpc) for all the detected LBGs (for L ≳ L* LBGs) at z ≃ 4 and 5, respectively. These correlation lengths correspond to galaxy-dark matter biases of bg = 2.9 and 4.6 (bg = 3.5 and 4.6) for all the detected LBGs (for L ≳ L* LBGs) at z ≃ 4 and 5, respectively. These results, combined with estimates for z ≃ 3 LBGs in the literature, show that the correlation length of L ≳ L* LBGs is almost constant, ~5 h Mpc, over z ≃ 3-5, while the bias monotonically increases with redshift at z ≳ 3. We also find that for LBGs at z ≃ 4 the clustering amplitude increases with UV-continuum luminosity and with the amount of dust extinction. We estimate the mass of dark halos hosting various kinds of high-z galaxies, including LBGs, with the analytic model given by Sheth & Tormen. We find that the typical mass of dark halos hosting L ≳ L* LBGs is about 1 × 1012 h M☉ over z ≃ 3-5, which is comparable to that of the Milky Way. A single dark halo with ~1012 h M☉ is found to host 0.1-0.3 LBGs on average but about four K-band-selected galaxies.