Euclid: Quick Data Release (Q1) -- Watching ICM-selected galaxy clusters with Euclid eyes -- prospects of Euclid data in the context of large SZ and X-ray based surveys

/ Authors

M. Klein, K. George, J. Mohr, B. Altieri, L. Amendola, S. Andreon, N. Auricchio, C. Baccigalupi, M. Baldi, A. Balestra

and 490 more authors

S. Bardelli, A. Biviano, E. Branchini, M. Brescia, S. Camera, G. Cañas-Herrera, V. Capobianco, C. Carbone, J. Carretero, S. Casas, M. Castellano, G. Castignani, S. Cavuoti, K. Chambers, A. Cimatti, C. Colodro-Conde, G. Congedo, L. Conversi, Y. Copin, F. Courbin, H. Courtois, M. Cropper, A. Silva, H. Degaudenzi, G. D. Lucia, C. Dolding, H. Dole, F. Dubath, F. Ducret, X. Dupac, S. Dusini, M. Farina, R. Farinelli, F. Faustini, S. Ferriol, F. Finelli, M. Frailis, E. Franceschi, M. Fumana, S. Galeotta, B. Gillis, C. Giocoli, J. Graciá-Carpio, A. Grazian, F. Grupp, S. Haugan, W. Holmes, I. Hook, F. Hormuth, A. Hornstrup, K. Jahnke, M. Jhabvala, E. Keihanen, S. Kermiche, B. Kubik, M. Kummel, M. Kunz, H. Kurki-Suonio, A. Brun, D. L. Mignant, S. Ligori, P. Lilje, V. Lindholm, I. Lloro, G. Mainetti, D. Maino, E. Maiorano, O. Mansutti, O. Marggraf, M. Martinelli, N. Martinet, F. Marulli, R. Massey, S. Maurogordato, E. Medinaceli, S. Mei, Y. Mellier, M. Meneghetti, E. Merlin, G. Meylan, L. Moscardini, R. Nakajima, C. Neissner, S. Niemi, C. Padilla, S. Paltani, F. Pasian, K. Pedersen, W. Percival, V. Pettorino, S. Pires, G. Polenta, M. Poncet, L. Popa, L. Pozzetti, F. Raison, R. Rebolo, A. Renzi, J. Rhodes, G. Riccio, E. Romelli, M. Roncarelli, C. Rosset, H. Rottgering, R. Saglia, Z. Sakr, D. Sapone, M. Schirmer, P. Schneider, T. Schrabback, A. Secroun, E. Sefusatti, G. Seidel, S. Serrano, C. Sirignano, G. Sirri, L. Stanco, J. Steinwagner, P. Tallada-Cresp'i, A. Taylor, I. Tereno, S. Toft, R. Toledo-Moreo, F. Torradeflot, I. Tutusaus, L. Valenziano, J. Valiviita, T. Vassallo, A. Veropalumbo, Y. Wang, J. Weller, F. Zerbi, E. Zucca, C. Burigana, V. Scottez, M. Sereno, M. V. U. Observatory, L. F. O. Physics, 1. Scheinerstrasse, 81679 Munich, Germany, Esacesa, Camino Bajo de Castillo, Sn, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Canada, Madrid, Spain., Institut fur theoretische Physik, U. 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Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne, Mullard Space Science Laboratory, U. London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, Departament de F'isica, F. Ciencias, Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa, C8 Edif'icio, C. Grande, P. Lisboa, Portugal, I. D. A. E. C. D. Espacco, 1049-001 Lisboa, D. O. Astronomy, U. Geneva, 16 ch.d'Ecogia, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland., Universit'e Paris-Saclay, Cnrs, I. D. Spatiale, 91405, Orsay, A. Universit'e, Cnes, Lam, Marseille, INFN-Padova, 8. viaMarzolo, 35131 Padova, I. D. A. E. P. Spaziali, V. Cavaliere, 100, 00133 Roma, S. Center, Italian Space Agency, via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Roma, INFN-Bologna, 46 ViaIrnerio, 40129 Bologna, M. F. P. Physics, 1. Giessenbachstr., 85748 Garching, Universitatssternwarte Munchen, F. Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, 8. Munchen, I. Astrophysics, U. Oslo, P. O. B. 1. Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway., Jet propulsion Laboratory, C. I. O. Technology., 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, Ca, 91109, D. 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C. D. D. Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00133 Roma, V. G. 932, Institute for Computational Cosmology, D. University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, Universit'e Cote d'Azur, Observatoire Cote d'Azur, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l'Observatoire, CS 34229, 4. 06304Nicecedex, Universit'e de Paris Cit'e, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 7. Paris, C. Laboratory, Centre Pierre Bin'etruy, IRL2007, CPB-IN2P3, Berkeley, I. D. Paris, 98 bis boulevard Arago, 75014, Paris, Umr 7095, 98 bis boulevard Arago, 7. Paris, I. O. Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, E. P. F. Lausanne, Observatoire de Sauverny, Institut de F'isica d'Altes Energies, T. Z. F. O. Science, Technology, Dark, Niels Bohr Institute, U. Copenhagen, Jagtvej 155, 2200 Copenhagen, Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, U. Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada, Astronomy, P. I. O. T. Physics, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Cea, Aim, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, C. Toulouse, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 9. 31401ToulouseCedex, Institute of Space Science, Str. 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/ Abstract

Galaxy clusters detected through their X-ray emission or Sunyaev--Zeldovich effect (SZE), both produced by the intra-cluster medium (ICM), are key probes in cosmological and astrophysical studies. To maximise the scientific return of such surveys, complementary data are required for cluster confirmation and redshift estimation. This is typically provided by wide-field optical and infrared surveys, which are increasingly challenged by ongoing and future ICM-selected samples. In particular, at high redshifts ($z>1$) probed by upcoming SZE-selected samples, current large surveys may be insufficient for reliable confirmation. Deep, high-resolution infrared surveys like Euclid will thus be essential for confirming most high-redshift clusters. We present an analysis of the first sizeable Euclid dataset (Q1), overlapping with several ICM-selected cluster samples. We apply an adaptation of the MCMF cluster confirmation tool to estimate key properties, including redshift and richness, and to predict Euclid's capabilities for high-redshift cluster confirmation. We find promising performance, particularly at high redshifts, while richness estimates at low redshifts ($z<0.4$) are currently limited by Q1 data quality but should improve with future releases. Using MCMF runs on random lines of sight, we predict that Euclid will confirm clusters at $1<z<2$ as effectively as current optical surveys at $z<0.6$, significantly enhancing high-redshift confirmation. SZE-selected samples will thus greatly benefit from Euclid overlap. Among five known high-$z$ SZE clusters in Q1, we identify the highest-redshift jellyfish galaxy candidate to date, EUCLJ035330.86$-$504347.6 in SPT-CLJ0353$-$5043 ($z=1.32$), two massive star-forming galaxies near ACT-CLJ0350.0$-$4819 ($z=1.46$), and strong lensing features in SPT-CLJ0353$-$5043 and SPT-CLJ0421$-$4845.