Design of a LYSO Crystal Electromagnetic Calorimeter for DarkSHINE Experiment
/ Authors
Zhi-Yu Zhao, Qibin Liu, Ji-Yuan Chen, Jing Chen, Jun-Feng Chen, Xiang Chen, Chang-Bo Fu, Jun Guo, K. S. Khaw, Liang Li
and 17 more authors
Shu Li, Danning Liu, Kun Liu, Siyuan Song, T. Sun, Jian Tang, Yufeng Wang, Zhen Wang, Weihao Wu, Haijun Yang, Yu-ming Lin, Rui Yuan, Yulei Zhang, Yunlong Zhang, Bai-Hong Zhou, Xuliang Zhu, Yifan Zhu
/ Abstract
This paper presents the design and optimization of a LYSO crystal electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) for the DarkSHINE experiment, which aims to search for dark photons as potential mediators of dark forces. The ECAL design was evaluated through comprehensive simulations, focusing on optimizing dimensions, material selection, energy distribution, and energy resolution. The ECAL configuration consists of 21$\times$21$\times$11 LYSO crystals, each measuring 2.5$\times$2.5$\times$4 cm$^3$, arranged in a staggered layout to improve signal detection efficiency. A 4 GeV energy dynamic range was established to ensure accurate energy measurements without saturation, which is essential for background rejection and signal identification. A detailed digitization model was developed to simulate the scintillation, SiPM, and ADC behaviors, providing a more realistic representation of detector performance. Additionally, the study assessed radiation damage in the ECAL region, highlighting the necessity of radiation-resistant scintillators and silicon sensors.