In vacuum metasurface for optical microtrap array.

Optical tweezer arrays of laser-cooled and individually controlled particles have revolutionized atomic, molecular, and optical physics. They afford exquisite capabilities for applications in quantum simulation of many-body physics, quantum computation, and sensing. Underlying this development is the technical maturity of generating scalable optical beams, enabled by active components and a high numerical aperture objective. However, such a complex combination of bulk optics outside the vacuum chamber is very sensitive to any vibration and drift. Here, we demonstrate the generation of a 3 × 3 static tweezer array with a single chip-scale multifunctional metasurface element in vacuum, replacing the meter-long free space optics. Fluorescence counts on the camera validate the successful trapping of the atomic ensemble array and showcase a promising strategy for integrated photonics with cold atom systems. The introduction of a polarization independent dual-wavelength metasurface significantly enhances fluorescence collection efficiency while reducing experimental complexity. This approach paves the way for scalable neutral atom platforms and offers a compelling route towards the realization of next generation quantum metasurfaces.