Chiral perturbative analysis for an almost massless neutrino in the type-I seesaw mechanism

In this paper, we perform chiral perturbative analysis of an approximate lepton number symmetry associated with a sufficiently light neutrino in the type-I seesaw mechanism. For the Dirac mass matrix $m_{D} = (\bm A \, , \bm B \, , \bm C)$, linearly independent components of $\bm C$ from $\bm A$ and $\bm B$ are treated as symmetry-breaking parameters. A deviation in the eigenvector of the massless mode $δ\bm u$ occurs in the first-order perturbation and the lightest mass $m_{1 \, \rm or \, 3} \propto \det m_{D}^{2} / M_{3}$ emerges in the second-order. By solving the perturbation theory, we obtained specific expressions of $δ\bm u$ and $m_{1 \, \rm or \, 3}$. As a result, two complex parameters in $m_{D}$ are bounded to some extent from the eigenvector. These constraints are associated with the chiral symmetry and are not susceptible to renormalization.