Observation of tungsten impurity suppression with ECRH by an X-ray Crystal Spectrometer on EAST
/ Authors
Lin Zichao, Zhang Hongming, Wang Fudi, Bae Chenonho, F. Jia, Shen Yongcai, Lu Dian, Jin Yifei, He Liang, Wang Minrui
and 5 more authors
/ Abstract
Impurity degrades tokamak plasmas confinement by causing energy loss, diluting the fuel concentration, even terminating the discharges in some extreme cases. Previously, the suppression effects of on-axis Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) on the impurity accumulation have been investigated on EAST by the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectroscopy. However, it is difficult to quantify the changes in impurity tungsten (W) profile since the W line emissions in the EUV range could not be easily resolved. The X-ray Crystal Spectroscopy (XCS), that used to provide the ion temperature and the rotation velocity by measuring lines emissions in the soft X-ray range, also can be used to study the behavior of impurity W emissions. To begin with, in-situ absolute intensity calibration for Tangential XCS (TXCS) is conducted by analyzing the measurements of the bremsstrahlung radiation intensity. After obtaining the calibration coefficient, W 44+ ion density profiles are evaluated by Abel