TOI-532b: The Habitable-zone Planet Finder confirms a Large Super Neptune in the Neptune Desert orbiting a metal-rich M dwarf host
astro-ph.EP
/ Authors
Shubham Kanodia, Gudmundur Stefansson, Caleb I. Canas, Marissa Maney, Andrea S. Lin, Joe P. Ninan, Sinclaire Jones, Andrew J. Monson, Brock A. Parker, Henry A. Kobulnicky
and 23 more authors
Jason Rothenberg, Corey Beard, Jack Lubin, Paul Robertson, Arvind F. Gupta, Suvrath Mahadevan, William D. Cochran, Chad F. Bender, Scott A. Diddams, Connor Fredrick, Samuel P. Halverson, Suzanne L. Hawley, Fred R. Hearty, Leslie Hebb, Ravi K. Kopparapu, Andrew J. Metcalf, Lawrence W. Ramsey, Arpita Roy, Christian Schwab, Maria Schutte, Ryan C. Terrien, John P. Wisniewski
/ Abstract
We confirm the planetary nature of TOI-532b, using a combination of precise near-infrared radial velocities with the Habitable-zone Planet Finder, TESS light curves, ground based photometric follow-up, and high-contrast imaging. TOI-532 is a faint (J$\sim 11.5$) metal-rich M dwarf with Teff = $3957\pm69$ K and [Fe/H] = $0.38\pm0.04$; it hosts a transiting gaseous planet with a period of $\sim 2.3$ days. Joint fitting of the radial velocities with the TESS and ground-based transits reveal a planet with radius of $5.82\pm0.19$ R$_{\oplus}$, and a mass of $61.5_{-9.3}^{+9.7}$ M$_{\oplus}$. TOI-532b is the largest and most massive super Neptune detected around an M dwarf with both mass and radius measurements, and it bridges the gap between the Neptune-sized planets and the heavier Jovian planets known to orbit M dwarfs. It also follows the previously noted trend between gas giants and host star metallicity for M dwarf planets. In addition, it is situated at the edge of the Neptune desert in the Radius--Insolation plane, helping place constraints on the mechanisms responsible for sculpting this region of planetary parameter space.