Revisiting quark and gluon polarization in the proton at the EIC

We present a comprehensive impact study of future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) data for parityconserving and parity-violating polarization asymmetries on quark and gluon helicity distributions in the proton. The study, which is based on the JAM Monte Carlo global QCD analysis framework, explores the role of the extrapolation uncertainty and SU(3) flavor symmetry constraints in the simulated double-spin asymmetry, ALL, at small parton momentum fractions x and its effect on the extracted parton polarizations. We find that different assumptions about ALL extrapolations and SU(3) symmetry can have significant consequences for the integrated quark and gluon polarizations, for polarized proton, deuteron and 3He beams. For the parity-violating asymmetry, AUL, we study the potential impact on the polarized strange quark distribution with different extrapolations of AUL, finding the constraining power to be ultimately limited by the EIC machine luminosity. 1 ar X iv :2 10 5. 04 43 4v 1 [ he pph ] 1 0 M ay 2 02 1