Theoretical Foundations for the Dynamic Mode Decomposition of High Order Dynamical Systems

Conventionally, data driven identification and control problems for higher order dynamical systems are solved by augmenting the system state by the derivatives of the output to formulate first order dynamical systems in higher dimensions. However, solution of the augmented problem typically requires knowledge of the full augmented state, which requires numerical differentiation of the original output, frequently resulting in noisy signals. This manuscript develops the theory necessary for a direct analysis of higher order dynamical systems using higher order Liouville operators. Fundamental to this theoretical development is the introduction of signal valued RKHSs and new operators posed over these spaces. Ultimately, it is observed that despite the added abstractions, the necessary computations are remarkably similar to that of first order DMD methods using occupation kernels.