Reduction of Surgical Risk Through the Evaluation of Medical Imaging Diagnostics

Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) of Breast Cancer (BRCA) images has been an active area of research in recent years. The main goals of this research is to develop reliable automatic methods for detecting and diagnosing different types of BRCA from diagnostic images. In this paper, we present a review of the state of the art CAD methods applied to magnetic resonance (MRI) and mammography images of BRCA patients. The review aims to provide an extensive introduction to different features extracted from BRCA images through texture and statistical analysis and to categorize deep learning frameworks and data structures capable of using metadata to aggregate relevant information to assist oncologists and radiologists. We divide the existing literature according to the imaging modality and into radiomics, machine learning, or combination of both. We also emphasize the difference between each modality and methods strengths and weaknesses and analyze their performance in detecting BRCA through a quantitative comparison. We compare the results of various approaches for implementing CAD systems for the detection of BRCA. Each approachs standard workflow components are reviewed and summary tables provided. We present an extensive literature review of radiomics feature extraction techniques and machine learning methods applied in BRCA diagnosis and detection, focusing on data preparation, data structures, pre processing and post processing strategies available in the literature. There is a growing interest on radiomic feature extraction and machine learning methods for BRCA detection through histopathological images, MRI and mammography images. However, there isnt a CAD method able to combine distinct data types to provide the best diagnostic results. Employing data fusion techniques to medical images and patient data could lead to improved detection and classification results.