Magnetic field and thermal Hall effect in a pyrochlore U(1) quantum spin liquid

The antiferromagnetic system on a rare-earth pyrochlore has been focused as a strong candidate of U(1) quantum spin liquid. Here, we study the phase transitions driven by external magnetic field and discuss the large thermal Hall effect due to emergent spinon excitations with staggered gauge fields. Despite the spinons, the charge excitations of the effective action that carry spin-1/2 quantum number, do not couple to the external field, the emergent U(1) gauge field is influenced in the presence of external magnetic field. Especially along [111] and [110]-directions, we discuss the possible phase transitions between U(1) spin liquids with different gauge fluxes are stabilized in fields. Beyond the cases where gauge flux per plaquette are fixed to be either 0 or $π$, there exists a regime where the staggered gauge fluxes are stabilized without time reversal symmetry. In such a phase, the large thermal Hall conductivity $κ_{xy}/T\sim 4.6\times 10^{-3}\text{W}/(\text{K}^2\cdot\text{m})$ is expected to be observed below 1K.