Structural and electronic phase evolution of Tin dioxide

We investigate the effect of controlled annealing on the structural and electronic phase evolution of Tin dioxide from Tin (II) oxyhydroxide prepared by simple precipitation method. Thermogravimetric analysis suggests a complex weight loss-gain process involved, passing through an intermediate phase of tin oxide nanoparticles. The probable structural and electronic phase evolution is discussed using detailed X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigations.