Exact black hole formation in three dimensions

Abstract We consider three dimensional Einstein gravity non-minimally coupled to a real scalar field with a self-interacting scalar potential and present the exact black hole formation in three dimensions. Firstly we obtain an exact time-dependent spherically symmetric solution describing the gravitational collapse to a scalar black hole at the infinite time, i.e. in the static limit. The solution can only be asymptotically AdS because of the No–Go theorem in three dimensions which is resulting from the existence of a smooth black hole horizon. Then we analyze their geometric properties and properties of the time evolution. We also get the exact time-dependent solution in the minimal coupling model after taking a conformal transformation.