The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe

/ Authors

LB Adams, D. Adams, T. Akiri, T. Alion, K. Anderson, C. Andreopoulos, M. Andrews, I. Anghel, J. Anjos, M. Antonello

and 490 more authors

E. Arrieta-Diaz, M. Artuso, J. Asaadi, X. Bai, B. Baibussinov, M. Baird, B. Balantekin, B. Baller, B. Baptista, D. Barker, G. Barker, W. Barletta, G. Barr, L. Bartoszek, A. Bashyal, M. Bass, V. Bellini, P. Benetti, B. Berger, M. Bergevin, E. Berman, H. Berns, A. Bernstein, R. Bernstein, B. Bhandari, V. Bhatnagar, B. Bhuyan, J. Bian, M. Bishai, A. Blake, F. Blaszczyk, E. Blaufuss, B. Bleakley, E. Blucher, S. Blusk, V. Bocean, F. Boffelli, J. Boissevain, T. Bolton, M. Bonesini, S. Boyd, A. Brandt, R. Breedon, C. Bromberg, Ralph T. Brown, G. Brunetti, N. Buchanan, B. Bugg, J. Busenitz, E. Calligarich, L. Camilleri, G. Carminati, R. Carr, C. Castromonte, F. Cavanna, S. Centro, Alex K Chen, Hucheng Chen, Kai Chen, D. Cherdack, C. Chi, S. Childress, B. Choudhary, G. Christodoulou, Cabot-Ann Christofferson, E. Church, D. Cline, T. Coan, A. Cocco, J. Coelho, S. Coleman, J. Conrad, M. Convery, R. Corey, L. Corwin, J. Cranshaw, D. Cronin-Hennessy, A. Curioni, H. Motta, T. Davenne, G. Davies, S. Dazeley, K. De, A. Gouvea, J. D. Jong, D. Demuth, C. Densham, M. Diwan, Z. Djurcic, R. Dolfini, J. Dolph, G. Drake, S. Dye, Hongue Dyuang, D. Edmunds, S. Elliott, M. Elnimr, S. Eno, S. Enomoto, C. Escobar, J. Evans, A. Falcone, L. Falk, A. Farbin, C. Farnese, A. Fava, J. Felde, S. Fernandes, F. Ferroni, F. Feyzi, L. Fields, A. Finch, M. Fitton, B. Fleming, John Fowler, W. Fox, A. Friedland, S. Fuess, B. Fujikawa, H. Gallagher, R. Gandhi, G. Garvey, V. Gehman, G. Geronimo, D. Gibin, R. Gill, R. Gomes, M. Goodman, J. Goon, N. Graf, Mathew Graham, R. Gran, C. Grant, N. Grant, H. Greenlee, L. Greenler, S. Grullon, E. Guardincerri, V. Guarino, E. Guarnaccia, G. Guedes, R. Guenette, A. Guglielmi, M. Guzzo, A. Habig, R. Hackenburg, H. Hadavand, A. Hahn, M. Haigh, T. Haines, T. Handler, S. Hans, J. Hartnell, J. Harton, R. Hatcher, A. Hatzikoutelis, S. Hays, E. Hazen, M. Headley, A. Heavey, K. Heeger, J. Heise, R. Hellauer, J. Hewes, A. Himmel, M. Hogan, P. Holanda, A. Holin, G. Horton-Smith, J. Howell, P. Hurh, J. Huston, J. Hylen, R. Imlay, J. Insler, G. Introzzi, Z. Isvan, C. Jackson, J. Jacobsen, D. Jaffe, C. James, C. Jen, Marvin Johnson, R. Johnson, Robert Johnson, Scott Johnson, W. Johnston, J. Johnstone, B. Jones, H. Jostlein, T. Junk, R. Kadel, K. Kaess, G. Karagiorgi, J. Kaspar, T. Katori, B. Kayser, E. Kearns, P. Keener, E. Kemp, S. Kettell, M. Kirby, J. Klein, G. Koizumi, S. Kopp, L. Kormos, W. Kropp, V. Kudryavtsev, Ashok Kumar, J. Kumar, T. Kutter, F. L. Zia, K. Lande, C. Lane, K. Lang, F. Lanni, R. Lanza, T. Latorre, J. Learned, David Lee, Kevin C. Lee, Qizhong Li, Shaorui Li, Yichen Li, Zepeng Li, J. Libo, S. Linden, J. Ling, J. Link, L. Littenberg, Hu Liu, Qiuguang Liu, Tiankuan Liu, J. LoSecco, W. Louis, B. Lundberg, T. Lundin, J. Lundy, A. Machado, C. Maesano, S. Magill, G. Mahler, D. Malon, S. Malys, F. Mammoliti, S. Mandal, A. Mann, P. Mantsch, A. Marchionni, W. Marciano, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, A. Marino, M. Marshak, J. Marshall, S. Matsuno, C. Mauger, K. Mavrokoridis, N. Mayer, N. McCauley, E. McCluskey, K. McDonald, K. McFarland, D. McKee, R. Mckeown, R. McTaggart, R. Mehdiyev, D. Mei, A. Menegolli, G. Meng, Y. Meng, D. Mertins, M. Messier, W. Metcalf, R. Milincic, W. Miller, G. Mills, S. Mishra, N. Mokhov, C. Montanari, D. Montanari, C. Moore, J. Morfín, B. Morgan, W. Morse, Z. Moss, C. Moura, S. Mufson, D. Muller, J. Musser, D. Naples, J. Napolitano, M. Newcomer, R. Nichol, T. Nicholls, E. Niner, B. Norris, J. Nowak, H. O’Keeffe, Roberto L. N. Oliveira, T. Olson, B. Page, S. Pakvasa, O. Palamara, J. Paley, V. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, Seongtae Park, Z. Parsa, K. Partyka, B. Paulos, Z. Pavlovic, S. Peeters, A. Perch, J. Perkin, R. Petti, A. Petukhov, F. Pietropaolo, R. Plunkett, C. Polly, S. Pordes, M. Potekhin, R. Potenza, A. Prakash, O. Prokofiev, X. Qian, J. Raaf, V. Radeka, I. Rakhno, Y. Ramachers, R. Rameika, J. Ramsey, A. Rappoldi, G. Raselli, P. Ratoff, S. Ravindra, B. Rebel, J. Reichenbacher, D. Reitzner, S. Rescia, M. Richardson, K. Rielage, K. Riesselmann, M. Robinson, L. Rochester, M. Ronquest, M. Rosen, M. Rossella, C. Rubbia, R. Rucinski, S. Sahijpal, H. Sahoo, P. Sala, Delia Salmiera, N. Samios, Mayly Sanchez, A. Scaramelli, H. Schellman, R. Schmitt, D. Schmitz, J. Schneps, K. Scholberg, E. Segreto, S. Seibert, L. Sexton-Kennedy, M. Shaevitz, P. Shanahan, Rahul Sharma, T. Shaw, N. Simos, Venktesh Singh, G. Sinnis, W. Sippach, T. Skwarnicki, M. Smy, H. Sobel, M. Soderberg, J. Sondericker, W. Sondheim, A. Sousa, N. Spooner, M. Stancari, I. Stancu, D. Stefan, A. Stefanik, J. Stewart, S. Stone, J. Strait, M. Strait, S. Striganov, G. Sullivan, Yujing Sun, L. Suter, A. Svenson, R. Svoboda, B. Szczerbinska, A. Szelc, M. Szydagis, S. Soldner-Rembold, R. Talaga, M. Tamsett, S. Tariq, R. Tayloe, C. Taylor, D. Taylor, A. Teymourian, H. Themann, M. Thiesse, Jenny Thomas, L. Thompson, M. Thomson, C. Thorn, M. Thorpe, X. Tian, D. Tiedt, W. Toki, N. Tolich, M. Torti, M. Toups, C. Touramanis, M. Tripathi, I. Tropin, Y. Tsai, C. Tull, M. Tzanov, J. Urheim, S. Usman, M. Vagins, G. Valdiviesso, R. Berg, R. D. Water, P. Gemmeren, F. Varanini, G. Varner, K. Vaziri, G. Velev, S. Ventura, C. Vignoli, B. Viren, D. Wahl, A. Waldron, C. Walter, Hanguo Wang, Wei Wang, K. Warburton, D. Warner, R. Wasserman, Blake Watson, A. Weber, Wenzhao Wei, D. Wells, M. Wetstein, Andy White, H. White, L. Whitehead, D. Whittington, J. Willhite, R. Wilson, L. Winslow, K. Wood, E. Worcester, M. Worcester, T. Xin, K. Yarritu, J. Ye, M. Yeh, Bo Yu, Jaehoon Yu, T. Yuan, A. Zani, G. Zeller, Chao Zhang, E. Zimmerman, Robert Zwaska Abc Federal University, U. Alabama, Univ. Federal de Alfenas em Poccos de Caldas, A. N. Lab., Banaras Hindu University, Boston University, B. Lab, U. California, U. Cambridge, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, U. Catania, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas F'isicas, U. Chicago, U. Cincinnati, U. Colorado, Colorado State University, Columbia University

/ Abstract

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess.