Chiral symmetry and its manifestation in optical responses in graphene: interaction and multilayers

Chiral symmetry, fundamental in the physics of graphene, guarantees the existence of topologically stable doubled Dirac cones and anomalous behaviors of the zero-energy Landau level in magnetic fields. Its crucial role, especially its manifestation in optical responses and many-body physics in graphene, is explained in this paper. We also give an overview of multilayer graphene from the viewpoint of the optical properties and their relation with chiral symmetry.