Feedback from Nuclear Star Clusters and SMBHs

The observed super-massive black hole (SMBH) mass -- galaxy velocity dispersion ($M_{\rm cmo} - σ$) correlation, and the similar correlation for nuclear star clusters, may be established when winds/outflows from the CMO ("central massive object") drive gas out of the potential wells of classical bulges. Timescales of growth for these objects may explain why smaller bulges appear to host preferentially NCs while larger ones contain SMBHs only. Despite much recent progress, feedback processes in bulge/galaxy formation are far from being understood. Our numerical simulations show that that understanding how the CMO feeds is as important a piece of the puzzle as understanding how its feedback affects its host galaxy.